观察家 | 什么是中国共产党以人民为中心的发展思想？

I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn. I have been watching China for more than 30 years and a people-centered philosophy has always been at the foundation of the CPC's policies. 

While all countries advocate helping their people, especially with development, in China one can trace the people-centered philosophy directly to specific policy initiatives. Two of the most prominent are the Targeted Anti-Poverty Campaign, which eliminated all extreme poverty in 2020, and Common Prosperity, brought prominent in early 2021, as a guiding principle to reverse the economically divisive side effects of rapid development. A key component of Common Prosperity is Rural Vitalization, which intends to bring standards of living in rural areas close up to those in urban areas.

我是罗伯特·劳伦斯·库恩，30多年来，我一直在关注中国。以人民为中心的发展思想一直是中国共产党政策的基石，虽然所有国家都致力于服务他们的人民，特别是通过发展利民。

但是在中国，我们可以直接从特定的政策倡议中找到以人民为中心的发展思想。其中两项政策尤为突出，一项是“精准扶贫”，这项政策使得中国在2020年消除极端贫困；一项是“共同富裕”，它在2021年初备受瞩目，该指导原则旨在逆转贫富差距这一快速发展带来的副作用。共同富裕的一项关键内容是乡村振兴，显著缩小城乡居民生活水平差距。

President Xi Jinping asked, "What does the Communist Party do?" To which, he answered immediately, "It is to serve the people. So, let's see what else we need to do." 

He said that "rural vitalization is no less important than poverty alleviation," adding, "we must not have any thoughts of taking a breath or rest."

习近平主席曾发问 “共产党是做什么的？”他旋即回答 “是为人民服务的”，“我们要想想还能为人民多做些什么”。习主席表示 “乡村振兴的重要性不亚于脱贫攻坚”，并补充道  “我们决不能有任何喘口气，歇歇脚的想法”。

Let's consider two examples: people's livelihoods and COVID lockdowns. 

我们来看两个例子，民生问题和新冠疫情防控。

The Central Economic Work Conference, which plans the year, announced six major livelihood highlights for 2022. First, stabilizing employment by increasing economic growth. Second, "housing to live without speculation" and supporting the commercial housing market to better meet the housing needs of home buyers. Third, old-age social security, including old-age insurance. Fourth, fertility policy. Fifth, Common Prosperity: The "cake" should be made bigger and better, and it should be cut and divided more equally. Sixth, energy supply - to ensure supply and stable prices, while advancing green and low-carbon.

中央经济工作会议在规划2022年全年工作时，公布了六大民生要点：第一，提高经济增长的就业带动力。第二 ，（坚持）“房住不炒”，支持商品房市场，更好满足购房者的合理住房需求。第三， （推进）基本养老保险全国统筹。第四，生育政策。第五，共同富裕。“蛋糕”既要做大做好，又要切好分好。第六，能源供应——做好保供稳价，倡导绿色低碳。

China states that its "dynamic zero-COVID" policy - requiring all local governments to implement strict containment measures as soon as local COVID cases appear - exemplifies its foundational principle of "People First; Life First." Although lockdowns retard the economy in the short-term, China argues that the protection of people's health will enhance the economy in the long term, that economic development and controlling disease aggressively are synergistic, not antagonistic. 

中国实施的“动态清零”政策，即要求当地政府一旦发现本土病例立即执行严格的防控举措，这体现了“人民至上，生命至上”的根本原则。虽然防控措施在短期内会制约经济发展，但中国政府认为守护人民群众身体健康，有利于长期的经济发展。也就是说经济发展和积极的疫情防控是相互协同的，不是相互对立的。

China stresses its success in controlling COVID cases and deaths, which, they say, are the main factors dragging down the economy globally, and would have done similarly in China but for China's stringent measures. 

中国强调其在控制新冠病例和死亡人数方面取得的成功。中国认为（新冠疫情造成的感染及死亡） 是抑制全球经济增长的主要因素。如果中国没有采取严控措施，中国经济也必然经历类似的衰退。

While recognizing that specific prevention and control measures taken to overcome the pandemic will cause temporary inconveniences in life, and short-term impact on economic and social activities, the general "dynamic zero-COVID" policy emphasizes precision and balances the relationship between pandemic resistance, economic development, and normal life. These anti-pandemic measures are equivalent, they say, to purchasing an insurance policy for China's 1.4 billion people to deal with the uncertainties of pandemic changes, virus mutation and virus spread. Over time, China will no doubt seek to balance COVID control with economic growth and social stability. We are already seeing such balance in Beijing and Shanghai.

虽然某些以战胜疫情为宗旨的具体防控手段会暂时给生活带来不便，会在短期影响经济和社会活动。但是“动态清零”的总体政策强调措施精准以及平衡疫情防控，经济发展与正常生活之间的关系。

中国认为，这些疫情防控举措相当于为14亿中国人民购买了保险，以应对疫情变化，病毒变异和病毒传播的不确定性。可以肯定的是，中国将寻求平衡疫情防控和经济发展与社会稳定。在北京和上海，我们已经看到了这样的平衡。

I'm keeping watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.

我在持续观察。我是罗伯特·劳伦斯·库恩。

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